Quotes from Richard M. Gargiulo

To provide a foundation in the use of ASL with its unique vocabulary and syntax rules; English as a second language (ESL) instruction

Owens, R., & Farinella, K. (2019). Introduction to communication disorders (6th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson Education.

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: Author.

Aune, B., Burt, B., & Gennaro, P. (2010). Behavior solutions for the inclusive classroom. Arlington, TX: Future Horizons.

Denton, L., & Silver, M. (2012). Listening and understanding: Language and learning disabilities. In L. Barclay (Ed.), Learning to listen/listening to learn (pp. 372–453). New York, NY: American Foundation for the Blind.

Szwed, K., & Bouck, E. (2013). Clicking away: Using a student response system to self-monitor behavior in a general education classroom. Journal of Special Education Technology, 28(2), 1–12.

Weyandt, L. (2007). An ADHD primer (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Geddie, B., Bina, M., & Miller, M. (2013). Vision and visual impairments. In M. Batshaw, N. Roizen, & G. Lotrecchiano (Eds.), Children with disabilities (7th ed., pp. 169–188). Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes.

Zimmerman, G. & Zebehazy, K. (2011). Blindness and low vision. In J. Kauffman & D. Hallahan (Eds.), Handbook of special education (pp. 247–261). New York, NY: Routledge.

it is only human nature to wonder and second guess about choices made and paths not taken.

Individuals who are hard of hearing are those in whom the sense of hearing, although defective, is functional either with or without a hearing aid. For these persons, the use of a hearing aid is frequently necessary or desirable to enhance residual hearing (Owens & Farinella, 2019). The extent to which persons with hearing impairment have difficulty developing speech and language is heavily influenced by the degree of hearing loss.

A prelingual hearing loss occurs prior to the development of speech and language while a postlingual impairment refers to a hearing loss manifesting itself after the acquisition of speech and language.

total communication (TC) A method of communication for students with hearing impairments, designed to provide equal emphasis on oral and signing skills to facilitate communication ability.

The majority of public school programs using total communication employ a form of Signed English for the sign language component.

Considers American Sign Language (ASL) to be the natural language of the Deaf culture and urges recognition of ASL as the primary language