Quotes from Chris Miller

The Dutch company ASML builds 100 percent of the world's extreme ultraviolet lithography machines, without which cutting-edge chips are simply impossible to make. OPEC's 40 percent share of world oil production looks unimpressive by comparison

greatest beneficiaries of the chaos of the Soviet collapse, however, were those who acquired state property.

A facility to fabricate the most advanced logic chips costs twice as much as an aircraft carrier but will only be cutting-edge for a couple of years.

We're not running out of atoms," Keller has said. "We know how to print single layers of atoms.

The second means of building a fortune through theft was to take advantage of sky-high inflation rates.

China now spends more money each year importing chips than it spends on oil.

World War II was decided by steel and aluminum, and followed shortly thereafter by the Cold War, which was defined by atomic weapons. The rivalry between the United States and China may well be determined by computing power.

Most famously, Yeltsin made a pact with the oligarchs before the 1996 presidential election. Communist

Chips from Taiwan provide 37 percent of the world's new computing power each year. Two Korean companies produce 44 percent of the world's memory chips. The Dutch company ASML builds 100 percent of the world's extreme ultraviolet lithography machines, without which cutting-edge chips are simply impossible to make. OPEC's 40 percent share of world oil production looks unimpressive by comparison.

DRAM circuits were carved into silicon. They didn't need to be weaved by hand, so they malfunctioned

dynamic (due to the repeated charging) random access memory, or DRAM.

The coalition that backed Putinomics understood the link between financial stability and political stability.

Many Russians had supported macroeconomic stabilization because they believed it was a necessary foundation for economic progress. Kudrin counseled continued caution. But many Russians believed that, because the country had sorted out its finances, it was time to reap the benefits of growth.

Roldugin, who has been a friend of Putin since the 1970s, is said to be the person who introduced the Russian president to his former wife. He is the godfather of Putin's daughter Maria. These connections, rather than any evident business skill, allowed him to amass a tremendous fortune.

Around a quarter of the chip industry's revenue comes from phones; much of the price of a new phone pays for the semiconductors inside. For the past decade, each generation of iPhone has been powered by one of the world's most advanced processor chips. In total, it takes over a dozen semiconductors to make a smartphone work, with different chips managing the battery, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, cellular network connections, audio, the camera, and more.

Fabricating and miniaturizing semiconductors has been the greatest engineering challenge of our time. Today, no firm fabricates chips with more precision than the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, better known as TSMC.

Last year, the chip industry produced more transistors than the combined quantity of all goods produced by all other companies, in all other industries, in all human history. Nothing else comes close.

Evidence is plentiful, however, that the system of shell companies and offshore bank accounts that Russia's elite use to hide their financial dealings from prying eyes has shaped Russian financial and corporate life.

There has indeed been greed and theft aplenty in modern Russia, as the gaudy palaces and missile-armed yachts show. Much of this has been related to the president's friends, who have used corrupt contracts with state-owned firms to accumulate fortunes worth billions of dollars. The cost of this corruption is not only the money diverted from better uses, but also the investments that did not occur because potential entrepreneurs feared for the safety of their firms.

Integrated circuits made up 15 percent of South Korea's exports in 2017; 17 percent of Singapore's; 19 percent of Malaysia's; 21 percent of the Philippines'; and 36 percent of Taiwan's. Made

Russia today has over a hundred monogorods, cities in which many workers are employed by a single, often practically bankrupt firm left over from the period of shock industrialization in the 1930s and 1940s.

As in Japan, therefore, Korea's tech companies emerged not from garages, but from massive conglomerates with access to cheap bank loans and government support.

the text etched onto the back of each iPhone—"Designed by Apple in California. Assembled in China"—is highly misleading. The iPhone's most irreplaceable components are indeed designed in California and assembled in China. But they can only be made in Taiwan.

In 1989, Morita set out his views in a collection of essays titled The Japan That Can Say No: Why Japan Will Be First Among Equals. The book was coauthored with Shintaro Ishihara, a controversial far-right politician.