Quotes from Antony Beevor

Hitler had learned nothing and had forgotten nothing.

French forces remained under SHAEF command as a result of Eisenhower's compromise, but headaches in dealing with the French authorities persisted. Eisenhower subsequently complained that the French 'next to the weather . . . have caused me more trouble in this war than any other single factor'. SHAEF

As supreme commander, Eisenhower had to balance political and personal rivalries, while maintaining his authority within the alliance. He was well liked by Field Marshal Sir Alan Brooke, the Chief of the Imperial General Staff, and by General Sir Bernard Montgomery, the commander-in-chief of 21st Army Group, but neither rated him highly as a soldier.

Hemingway, eager not to miss the big battle even though he was suffering from influenza, managed to reach Colonel Buck Lanham's command post near Rodenbourg. The house had belonged to a priest suspected of being a German sympathizer. Hemingway took great delight in drinking a stock of communion wine and then refilling the bottles with his own urine. He claimed to have relabelled them 'Schloss Hemingstein 1944' and later drank from one by mistake.

It is only when one faces death, observed one of the men there, that one realises the great value of life.

The past is indeed 'another country'.

Another division was even tougher in its views. 'We have never been benefited by treating prisoners well . . . We are here to Kill Germans, not to baby them.' Some soldiers in the 30th Division exacted their own revenge when they captured Germans wearing American combat boots taken from the dead. They forced them at gunpoint to remove them and walk barefoot along the icy roads.

A clear cold Christmas,' Patton wrote in his diary that day, 'lovely weather for killing Germans, which seems a bit queer, seeing Whose birthday it is.' Patton

the left's conviction that revolution and the coercive redistribution of wealth could produce universal happiness.

It was a young man's war. Even a thirty-one-year-old pilot was nicknamed 'Grandpa'.

Paulus guessed immediately that he had been presented with a cup of hemlock. He exclaimed to General Pfeffer at his last generals' conference: 'I have no intention of shooting myself for this Bohemian corporal

Neither he nor Schmidt seems to have appreciated that speed was the decisive factor. They

Over the previous 150 years, the border areas of Eupen and St Vith had moved back and forth between France, Prussia, Belgium and Germany, depending on the fortunes of war. In the Belgian elections of April 1939, more than 45 per cent of those in the mainly German-speaking 'eastern cantons' voted for the Heimattreue Front which wanted the area reincorporated into the Reich. But

Lydia Ruslanova

As in all armies, it was not so much the fear of death as the fear of mutilation which preyed on minds. A German field hospital, or Feldlazarett, was little more than an amputation line. American doctors were horrified by the German army's tendency to cut off limbs without a moment's thought. A

Another important lesson from the time was that mass self-deception is simply a sedative prescribed by leaders who cannot face reality themselves. And as the Spanish Civil War proved, the first casualty of war is not truth, but its source: the conscience and integrity of the individual.

The bad visibility to prevent flying, which Hitler had so earnestly desired, was repeated day after day. It does not, however, appear to have hampered artillery-spotting aircraft on unofficial business in the Ardennes. Bradley received complaints that 'GI's in their zest for barbecued pork were hunting [wild] boar in low-flying cubs with Thompson submachine guns.

He did not want headlines round the world proclaiming that a ship called 'Germany' had been sunk.

Asperger syndrome.

Neuro-psychiatric cases, termed combat exhaustion, rose to nearly a quarter of all hospital admissions. The German army, which refused to recognize the condition, apparently suffered far fewer cases. Combat exhaustion produced recognizable symptoms: 'nausea, crying, extreme nervousness and gastric conditions'. Some

The ubiquitous initials LSR for Luftschutzraum, or air-raid shelter, were said to stand for 'Lernt schnell Russisc': 'Learn Russian quickly'.

Most of the 17,000 French prisoners of war from Stalag III D were put to work in the city, creating barricades and digging foxholes in pavements at street corners. How much they achieved is open to question, however, especially since French prisoners round Berlin were those most regularly accused of being 'Arbeitsunlustig' - reluctant to work — and of escaping from their camps, usually to visit German women.

Candles were used to measure the diminishing levels of oxygen. When a candle placed on the floor went out, children were picked up and held at shoulder height. When a candle on a chair went out, then the evacuation of the level began. And if a third candle, positioned at about chin level, began to sputter, then the whole bunker was evacuated, however heavy the attack above.

it was even said that Dolores Ibárruri, La Pasionaria, had bitten the jugular of a priest;