Quotes About Morality

In general, our morally tinged cultural institutions—religion, nationalism, ethnic pride, team spirit—bias us toward our best behaviors when we are single shepherds facing a potential tragedy of the commons. They make us less selfish in Me versus Us situations. But they send us hurtling toward our worst behaviors when confronting Thems and their different moralities.

The contrast between rapid, automatic moral intuitionism and conscious, deliberative moral reasoning plays out in another crucial realm and is the subject of Greene's superb 2014 book Moral Tribes: Emotion, Reason, and the Gap Between Us and Them.

It is the ambiguity of violence, that we can pull a trigger as an act of hideous aggression or of self-sacrificing love, that is so challenging.

This level is egoistic in that rules and their application come from within and reflect conscience, where a transgression exacts the ultimate cost—having to live with yourself afterward. It recognizes that being good and being law-abiding aren't synonymous.

When deontologism and consequentialism contemplate trolleys, the former is about moral intuitions rooted in the vmPFC, amygdala, and insula, while the latter is the domain of the dlPFC and moral reasoning. Why is it that our automatic, intuitive moral judgments tend to be nonutilitarian? Because, as Greene states in his book, "Our moral brains evolved to help us spread our genes, not to maximize our collective happiness.

To cite a quote attributed to Oscar Wilde, "Morality is simply the attitude we adopt towards people whom we personally dislike." It's Us versus Them framed morally, and the importance of what Greene calls "the Tragedy of Commonsense Morality" is shown by the fact that most intergroup conflicts on our planet ultimately are cultural disagreements about whose "right" is righter.

Conversely, instruct subjects to "carefully consider" their decision, or prime them to value reflection over intuition, and they'd be more selfish. The more time to think, the more time to do a version of "Yes, we all agree that cooperation is a good thing . . . but here is why I should be exempt this time"—what the authors called "calculated greed.

Various studies, predominantly by Roy Baumeister of Florida State University, show that when the frontal cortex labors hard on some cognitive task, immediately afterward individuals are more aggressive and less empathic, charitable, and honest. Metaphorically, the frontal cortex says, "Screw it. I'm tired and don't feel like thinking about my fellow human.

By ages four through six, kids in cultures from around the world respond negatively when they are the ones being shortchanged. It isn't until ages eight through ten that kids respond negatively to someone else being treated unfairly.

Roughly half a million people died in the Roman Colosseum to supply audiences of tens of thousands the pleasure of watching captives raped, dismembered, tortured, eaten by animals.

Greene calls "the Tragedy of Commonsense Morality" is shown by the fact that most intergroup conflicts on our planet ultimately are cultural disagreements about whose "right" is righter.

The authors first replicated this effect, showing that watching a short film clip of something physically disgusting made subjects more morally judgmental—unless they had washed their hands after watching the film. Another study suggests that the washing decreases emotional arousal, as it decreased the diameter of subjects' pupils.

Josh Greene and Jonathan Cohen of Princeton wrote an extremely clearheaded piece on this, "For the Law, Neuroscience Changes Nothing and Everything." Where neuroscience and the rest of biology change nothing is in the continued need to protect the endangered from the dangerous.30

Tous les hommes honnêtes sont dangereux. Seules, les canailles sont inoffensives... Parce que les canailles n'agissent que par intérêt, c'est-à-dire petitement.

Tessék, a puritán társadalmak átka: mindenki csak a nemiséggel foglalkozik.

You proclaim that one should die for the highest virtues, because you take it for granted that nobody's been living for them, not even for a single hour.

Der Mensch ist entweder im Stande, rechtswidrig zu handeln oder er ist es nicht, denn dazwischen gibt es nichts Drittes und Mittleres. Durch diese Fähigkeit wird er strafbar, durch seine Eigenschaft der Strafbarkeit wird er Rechtsperson, und als Rechtsperson hat er teil an der überpersönlichen Wohltat des Rechts.

ohne den Menschen etwas vorschreiben zu dürfen, würde die Moral gar kein Vergnügen bereiten.

Things seemed to consist not of wood and stone but of some grandiose and infinitely tender immorality that, the moment it came in contact with him, turned into a deep moral shock.

daß in einem ehedem sehr bekannten psychiatrischen Lehrbuch die Frage: »Was ist Gerechtigkeit?« und die Antwort darauf: »daß der andere bestraft wird!« als ein Fall von Imbezillität angeführt werden, wogegen sie heute die Grundlage einer viel erörterten Rechtsauffassung bilden.

Seiner größten Hingabe an die Wissenschaft war es niemals gelungen, ihn vergessen zu machen, daß die Schönheit und Güte der Menschen von dem kommen, was sie glauben, und nicht von dem, was sie wissen.

Das Unmoralische gewinnt sein himmlisches Recht als eine drastische Kritik des Moralischen!

Die Moral unserer Zeit ist, was immer sonst geredet werden möge, die der Leistung. Fünf mehr oder weniger betrügerische Konkurse sind gut, wenn auf den fünften eine Zeit des Segens und des Segenspendens folgt. Der Erfolg kann alles vergessen machen.

Moral war für ihn [..] das unendliche Ganze der Möglichkeiten zu leben.