Quotes About Quarks

La forza che tiene incollati i quarks all'interno dei protoni e dei neutroni è generata da particelle che i fisici, con poco senso del ridicolo, chiamano «gluoni», dall'inglese glue, colla. In italiano si tradurrebbe «colloni», ma fortunatamente usano tutti il nome inglese.

Tanto los protones como los neutrones están hechos de partículas aún más pequeñas, que el físico estadounidense Murray Gell-Mann bautizó con el nombre de «quarks», inspirándose en una palabra sin sentido en una frase sin sentido —«Three quarks for Muster Mark!»— que aparece en el Finnegans Wake de James Joyce. Todas las cosas que tocamos están hechas, pues, de electrones y de estos quarks.

The leptons most familiar to the non-physicist are the electron and perhaps the neutrino; and the most familiar quarks are . . . well, there are no familiar quarks.

Quarks are quirky beasts. Unlike protons, each with an electric charge of +1, and electrons, with a charge of –1, quarks have fractional charges that come in thirds.

Shortly before, during, and after the strong and electroweak forces parted company, the universe was a seething soup of quarks, leptons, and their antimatter siblings, along with bosons, the particles that enable their interactions.

During the quark–lepton era the universe was dense enough for the average separation between unattached quarks to rival the separation between attached quarks.

Three quarks for Muster Mark!" One thing quarks do have going for them: all their names are simple—something chemists, biologists, and especially geologists seem incapable of achieving when naming their own stuff.

A millionth of a second has passed since the beginning. This tepid universe was no longer hot enough or dense enough to cook quarks, and so they all grabbed dance partners, creating a permanent new family of heavy particles called hadrons (from the Greek hadros, meaning "thick").

At this point, the particles came in two types, called quarks—which rhymes with marks—and leptons. Quarks are quirky beasts. You'll never catch a quark all by itself; it will always be clutching others nearby. I'm sure you have at least one friend or classmate who behaves similarly. Quarks are like those kids who never want to do anything alone, not even walk to the restroom.

We have our religious traditions coming from many thousands of years, and I think to myself, well, you know, if Moses had come down with tablets from the mountain that said, 'And guess what? There are protons and neutrons, and they are made out of quarks,' people wouldn't have understood what he said. So he didn't.

Three quarks for Muster Mark!

Three quarks for Muster Mark! Sure he hasn't got much of a bark And sure any he has it's all beside the mark.

What I try to do in the book is to trace the chain of relationships running from elementary particles, fundamental building blocks of matter everywhere in the universe, such as quarks, all the way to complex entities, and in particular complex adaptive system like jaguars.

In the lab, we could not see or physically describe the mathematical objects that we called quarks, which we suspected were the key to unlocking the dynamics of the strong force that binds together the clump of protons and neutrons at the center of the atom.

Hell, no. A church is the one thing we don't have. Physics is the religion around here. Use the Lord's name in vain all you like,' he laughed, 'just don't slander any quarks or mesons.

Newtonian physics runs into problems at the subatomic level. Down there--in the land of hadrons, quarks, and Schrödinger's cat--things gent freaky. The cool rationality of Isaac Newton gives way to the bizarre unpredictability of Lewis Carroll.

Before the particles that we observe today materialized, all matter in the early universe must have gone through this stage of a quark-gluon soup, or plasma.

Quarks are so weird that they have been referred to as "The dreams that stuff is made from," and they are way beyond the scope of this book.

Quark-antiquark collisions cannot be realized directly since free quarks are not available. The closest substitute is to use collisions between protons and antiprotons.

All of the lightest stable quarks and leptons have heavier replicas. No one knows why they are there, or what they are good for. When physicists first realized that the muon, a particle first seen in cosmic rays, was nothing other than a heavier version of the electron (200 times heavier), the physicist I.I. Rabi asked, "Who ordered that?

However, you will need to know about flavors and generations because of the strong constraints on the particles' properties, which give us vital clues and constraints on the physics that lies beyond the Standard Model. Chief among these constraints is that different flavors of quarks and leptons with the same charges rarely, if ever, turn into one another.

In a supersymmetric universe, the partners of quarks and leptons would be new bosons. Physicists, who enjoy whimsical (but systematic) nomenclature, call them squarks and sleptons.

We, and the visible universe around us, may exist only because of a difference in the ninth decimal place between the numbers of quarks and of antiquarks.

in 1963 because he liked the sound of the sentence "Three quarks for Muster Mark" in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake. As for "Muster Mark, "three quarks are needed to form a proton or a neutron. The electric charges of quarks are fractional (+/-1/3 or +?2/3) because their sum must equal the charge of a proton (+1) or a neutron (0).