Quotes About Cardiac output

VIP rule Ventilate: give oxygen therapy, endotracheal intubation if required. Infuse: give IV fluids. Pump: use vasoactive agents first to raise arterial pressure if needed, then to increase cardiac output if required.

The primary functional change in the cardiovascular system in pregnancy is a marked increase in cardiac output.

In the first half of pregnancy, cardiac output rises as a result of increased stroke volume and, in the latter half of pregnancy, as a result of increased maternal heart rate, whereas the stroke volume returns to near-normal, nonpregnant levels. These

about one-fifth of the cardiac output goes through the uterus at term increasing the risk from postpartum hemorrhage substantially.